Characteristics of different types of Nuclei is as follows:
Isotopes
- Same Atomic Number(Z)
- Same number of electrons
- Same number of Protons
- Different Mass Numbers
- Different number of Neutrons
- Same chemical properties
- Different Physical Properties
- Belong to same element
eg: 1H1 , 1H2
, 1H3
Isobars
- Different Atomic Number(Z)
- Different number of electrons
- Different number of Protons
- Same Mass Number
- Different number of Neutrons
- Different chemical properties
- Different Physical Properties
- Belong to different elements
eg: 6C14 , 7N14, 8O14
Isotones
- Different Atomic Number(Z)
- Different number of electrons
- Different number of Protons
- Different Mass Number
- Same number of Neutrons
- Different Chemical Properties
- Different Physical Properties
- Belong to different elements
eg: 16S36 , 17Cl37
Mirror Nuclei
- Different Atomic Number(Z)
- Different number of electrons
- Different number of Protons
- Same Mass Number
- Different number of Neutrons
- Neutrons and Protons are interchanged
Isoelectronic Species
Species having equal number of electrons.
Isodiaphers
Nuclides having the same difference between Protons & Neutrons
- Different Atomic Number(Z)
- Different number of electrons
- Different number of Protons(P)
- Different Mass Number(A)
- Different number of Neutrons(N)
- Same (P-N)
eg: 92U238 90Th234
