A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Body
Centered Cubic
Crystal structure
having cubic unit cell with atoms located at all eight corners and a single
atom at cubic center.
Body
Waves
They are type of
seismic waves which pass through the deep layers of earth.
Bohr
Magneton
The most
fundamental magnetic moment is Bohr Magneton, and it is spin magnetic moment
for each electron in an atom. Its value is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2
Bohr’s
Atomic Theory
Neil Bohr
proposed atomic theory as per which the atom is treated as a shell with
positively charged nucleus at center and the electrons revolve round the
nucleus in different circular orbits which are quantized in energy. The
electrons do spin while revolving in the orbits.
Bohr’s
Complimentary Principle
Principle
enunciated by Neil Bohr in 1928, as per which, wave and particle nature cannot
be attributed to any particle or object simultaneously. It is impossible to
design measuring device that demonstrates both phenomena simultaneously.
Boiling
Point
The temperature
at which a liquid starts changing its phase into vapor.
Boiling
Water Reactor
It is a type of
nuclear reactor in which reactor core is in direct contact with pressurized de-mineralized
light water pool. This water boils and turns into steam at the surface. The
light water serves as both coolant and moderator. The steam generated at the
surface will drive the turbine to generate electricity. The fuel generally used
is natural Uranium.
Boiling
Phenomenon of rapid
vaporization of a liquid, which typically occurs when a liquid is heated to a
temperature such that its vapor pressure is above that of surroundings, such as
air pressure is called boiling.
Bolometer
Device used to
detect thermal radiation which works on principle of change of resistance with
temperature.
Boltzmann
Constant
It is a thermal
energy constant which appears as proportional constant between energy of the
particle in a medium and temperature. It has a value of 1.38 x 10-23
J/atom-Kelvin (8.62 x 10-5 eV/atom-K) .
Boltzmann’s
Canonical Distribution Law
According to this
law, the probability for a system to be found in a particular microstate of energy
E, in thermal equilibrium at an absolute temperature ‘T’ with a heat source is
proportional to e-E/KT.
Bonding
Energy
The energy
required to separate two atoms that are chemically bonded to each other. It may
be expressed on a per atom basis or per mole of atoms.
Bonding
Pairing of two or
more atoms involving valence electrons is called bonding. The type of bond
depends upon electron structure of constituent atoms.
Boron-10:
It is an isotope
of Boron having an abundance of 19.9% in natural Boron (11B). The
isotope has good cross-section for interaction with thermal neutron and value
is about 3837± 9 barns.
Bose
Einstein Condensation
Phenomenon of
rapid increase in number of particles in ground state at temperatures below
critical temperature is called as Bose Einstein Condensation.
Bose
Einstein Statistics
Statistics
given by Bose & Einstein, as per which
i)
The particles which are dealt are identical, indistinguishable particles with
spin zero or an integer, such as Photon, Phonon, and Helium atom at low
temperature (which are called Bosons).
ii) The number of phase cells cannot be increased as
per our desire because there is minimum volume of a phase cell.
iii) No new microstate is obtained by the interchange of particles in a cell.
iv) There can be any number of particles in a cell.
