A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Capacitance
It is the ability
of dielectric material between conductors to store charge, when a difference of
potential exists between the conductors.
Capacitor
Passive device
designed to store electrical charge. It is an arrangement of two conductors
separated by dielectric.
Capillarity
The phenomenon of
rise or fall of liquid in a capillary tube is known as capillarity.
Capillary
Tube
It is a very thin
tube made of rigid material such as plastic or glass. The tube is used to
collect samples of liquids which flow into tubes against effects of gravity in
a physical process called capillary action. The process uses two physical
forces; “Surface Tension” and “adhesion”.
Carat
It is a unit used
for measure of proportion of gold in an alloy, expressed as number of parts of
gold in 24 parts of alloy. At present, 1 carat =200 mgm.
Carbon-Nitrogen
Cycle:
A chain of
thermonuclear reactions in which Nitrogen isotopes are formed in intermediate
stages and Carbon acts essentially as a catalyst to convert four Hydrogen atoms
into one Helium atom with the emission of two positrons is called as
Carbon-Nitrogen cycle. The entire sequence is thought to generate significant
amount of energy in the sun and certain other stars.
Carburizing
It is a process
by which surface Carbon concentration of a ferrous alloy is increased by
diffusion from surrounding environment.
Cardinal
points
Points of an
optical system, if known, the image would be determined easily without knowing
the details of structure of system. Cardinal points constitute two principal
points, two focal points and two nodal points.
Carnot’s
Engine
Theoretical ideal
engine, the concept of which is proposed by Sadi Carnot in 1824. As per this
concept, there is no loss of heat due to friction etc and working substance is
perfect gas. The engine is reversible and its efficiency depends only on
temperature of source and sink, between which it works. No engine in practice
can have efficiency more than it.
Carnot’s
Cycle
Heat engine cycle
concept proposed by Nicolas Sadi Carnot in 1823. It is the most efficient heat
engine cycle consisting of two isothermal and two adiabatic processes. It is a
reversible cycle involving no change in entropy i.e. it is an ideal concept in
which total heat supplied is converted to work.
Carnot’s
Theorem
Carnot’s theorem
states that “working between the two given temperatures, no engine can be more
efficient than a reversible Carnot engine. In other words, efficiency of a
reversible engine is greater for two given temperatures than any other engine.
Carrier
Wave
Wave which
carries information from transmission station and receiving station.
Cartesian
Coordinates
Cartesian
coordinates are rectilinear two dimensional or three dimensional, which are
also called rectangular coordinates. The 3 axes of 3 dimensional Cartesian
coordinates conventionally denoted by X, Y & Z axes are chosen to be linear
and mutually perpendicular. In 3 dimensions, the coordinates X, Y & Z may
lie anywhere in interval (-∞ & +∞ ).
Cathetometer
It is an
instrument for the accurate measurement of small difference of height;
especially of the differences in the height of upper surfaces of two columns of
mercury or other fluid, or of the same column at different times. It consists
of a telescope leveling apparatus which sides up or down a perpendicular
metallic stand very finely graduated. The telescope is raised or depressed in
order to sight the objects or surfaces, and the differences in vertical height
are known.
Cathode
Ray Oscilloscope
It is an
electronic display unit, first developed by German Physicist Ferdinand Braun in
1897. It contains a cathode ray tube that generates an electron beam that is
used to produce visible patterns, or graphs, on a phosphorescent screen. The
graphs plot the relationships between two or more variables, with horizontal
axis normally being a function of time and vertical axis usually function of
voltage generated by input signal to the oscilloscope. It is widely used test
instrument for commercial engineering & scientific applications comprising
acoustic research, television production engineering and electronics
design.
Cathode
Ray Tube
An arrangement of
vacuum tube equipped with electron gun which emits electrons. The electrons are
accelerated and made to pass through electromagnetic field which gets deflected
and falls on to fluorescent screen to form images.
Cathode
Rays
Electron beam in
vacuum tubes is referred to as cathode rays. They were first observed by German
physicist Johann Hittorf and were named in 1876 by Goldstein.
Cathode
It is the electrode in an electrochemical or galvanic couple at which a reduction reaction occurs; thus the electrode that receives electrons from an external circuit is called as cathode.
